Harold Monteau, a prominent leader in establishing the National Indian Gaming Commission and a steadfast proponent of tribal rights, departed on December 27 at his residence on the Rocky Boy Reservation in Montana. He was 72 years old.

“Harold devoted his life to the welfare of Indian Country,” noted the Chippewa Cree Tribe in their official statement. “His guidance, particularly during his term as Chairman of the National Indian Gaming Commission, has created a legacy that will resonate for many generations.”

Monteau, recognized by his Indigenous name “Brings the Sweetgrass” (Kah-pe-taht wi-Kah-se), was a proud member of the Chippewa Cree Tribe of Rocky Boy. He leaves behind a loving spouse and children.

In 1994, Monteau was appointed as the chairman of the National Indian Gaming Commission by President Bill Clinton. During his leadership, he was instrumental in influencing the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act and creating a framework for tribal gaming agreements nationwide.

“His contributions established standards that have continuously bolstered the integrity and prosperity of tribal gaming,” stated the National Indian Gaming Commission. “Chairman Monteau’s leadership made certain that regulatory oversight was deeply rooted in honoring tribal sovereignty and addressing the specific requirements of each community.”

Phil Hogen, a former NIGC chairman who collaborated with Monteau, reminisced about the pivotal days of the commission. “Under Harold’s guidance, the foundational administrative and regulatory framework of the NIGC was crafted, and as time has shown, the remarkable growth of the industry and its significant benefits to Indian communities underscore the wisdom and insight behind that framework.”

“Harold was a true champion of Tribal Sovereignty, and his time with us was too brief,” he reflected.

In addition to his contributions to gaming, Monteau had a notable career in the justice sector. He held the position of Chief Justice for both the Mescalero Apache Tribe and the Chippewa Cree Tribe, lectured on Indian law at both the University of New Mexico and Stone Child College, and provided legal counsel to numerous tribes and the Department of the Interior’s BIA Task Force and Reorganization.

At the time of his passing, Monteau was the Chief Justice for the Chippewa Cree Tribe. “We feel immense pride that he returned to serve our community as Chief Judge, leading our court with honor, wisdom, and quiet fortitude,” stated the tribe.